Journal of Modern Mechanical Engineering and Technology
type: channel
description: Journal of Modern Mechanical Engineering and Technology is a refereed journal dedicated to the publication of high-quality papers providing the latest and outstanding information in all areas of Mechanical Engineering. It provides the authoritative settings for researchers and scholars worldwide to promote, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of Mechanical Engineering.
publisher: Zeal Press
language: en
publication name: Journal of Modern Mechanical Engineering and Technology
issn: 2409-9848
items: Triboresistance of Composite Nanocoatings Based on Magnesium Compounds at Elevated Temperatures
items: Mechanical Characterization of Natural and Synthetic Fibres using Sandwich Structures Under Bending
items: A Statistical Methodology of Cyclic Plasticity Inhomogeneity at Grain Scale
items: Single-Layer 79 GHz Microstrip Patch Array for All-Weather Automotive Radar
items: Application of Wave Technologies for the Preparation of Fuels Containing Organic Waste Pyrolysis Products
items: Wear Resistance of Amorphous-Crystalline Coatings Under Boundary Friction
items: Self-Organization of Surface Structures during Friction Coatings Based on Forsterite
items: Development of Control Method for Abration and Evaluation of Electrocautery Device Controller
items: The Correlation Between Wear and Lubricating Film Thickness in the Tribocorrosion of CoCrMo Alloy
items: Effective Technologies for Finishing and Cleaning Processing: Innovations Based on Screw Rotors
items: Numerical Simulation of the Multi-Roller Skew Tandem Rolling of Unequal Wall Thickness Hollow Stepped Shafts
items: Application of Anal Manometry in the Planning for Anal Fistula Surgery
items: Experimental Investigation of Oil Film Variation in Finite Line Contact Under Intermittent Motion
items: A Flow Structure Interaction Method for Towed Cable System
items: Remarks on Solving Methods of Nonlinear Equations
items: Vibro-Acoustic Analysis of an Underwater Cylindrical Shell with Internal Structures and a Comparison with Experiment
items: Constructions of Toroidal Screw Drums
items: Mathematical Model of Anal Canal for Anal Fistula Surgery
items: A High Precison Phase Extraction Algorithm from a Single Shot Interferogram
items: Improving the Antifriction Behaviors of Steel by Hybrid Treatments of MoS2 and Surface Texture
items: Effect of Turning Angles on the Inflow Characteristics in a Waterjet Propulsion Pump
items: Vehicle Longitudinal Control with the Sliding Mode Method Considering Uncertainty of the Model
items: Profit-oriented High-speed Railway Network Line Planning with Capacity Limitations
items: Small Sample Data-Driven Method for Interval Prediction on Structural Responses
items: Prediction on MRAM Etching Endpoint by Response Surface Method
items: Mesoscopic Cohesive Crack Model of Microcapsule Self-Healing Concrete and Its Uniaxial and Triaxial Compression Simulation
items: Modeling and Optimizing Automotive Waste Recovery for Optimal Performance
items: CAES Compressed Air Energy System: Dynamic Simulation & Optimization
items: Study of a Cutting Fluid Application System Adaptation on a Bench Milling Machine for an Academic Laboratory Environment
items: Evaluation of the Failure Probability of a 2D RC Frame Subjected to Column Loss

Triboresistance of Composite Nanocoatings Based on Magnesium Compounds at Elevated Temperatures
type: item
description: The results of the study of the wear characteristics of detonation composite nanocoatings based on magnesium orthosilicate under conditions of high-temperature friction under constant load in the field of sliding speeds, on the surface of which stable antifriction structures are formed under conditions of elevated temperatures, are presented. The structural-phase composition of the coatings was determined by methods of modern physical analysis and the complex of high-temperature compounds of the surface layers was determined. The developed and studied coatings have high and stable antifriction properties. It was determined that the antifriction property under friction loading is due to the self-ordering of surface high-temperature oxide and oxygen-free structures, which are characterized by low shear resistance and work as solid lubricants that modify the contact surfaces and prevent damage to moving joints.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Composite coatings
  topic: keywords
subject: Wear intensity
  topic: keywords
subject: Structural-phase composition
  topic: keywords
subject: Oxide structures
  topic: keywords
subject: Solid lubricants
  topic: keywords
creator: V.V. Shchepetov
creator: N.M. Fialko
creator: S.S. Bys
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-10-03
publication date: 2025-10-03
starting page: 45
ending page: 50
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2025.12.06

Mechanical Characterization of Natural and Synthetic Fibres using Sandwich Structures Under Bending
type: item
description: Fibre-reinforced sandwich panels are a well stablished design solution for applications that require high stiffness and low weight, but the high cost and enviromental impact of synthetic fibres have prompted the research for sustainable alternatives, such as natural fibres. While they offer potential for cost reduction and environmental sustaintalibity, their mechanical properties may compromise structural reliability. In this context, this work compares the equivalent stiffness of different composite sandwich panels under bending, using carbon, glass, linen, jute and cotton fibres as reinforcement. The specimens were produced using the Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Moulding (VARTM) and tested under four point bending conditions. Analytical methods were used for mechanical characterization, followed by Finite Element Method (FEM) validation. The results show that carbon fibre yields a greater stiffness-to-weight ratios followed by glass, jute, linen and cotton fibres. Sandwich panels with natural fibres reinforcement showed relative bending performances ranging from 19% to 35% of the carbon fibre ones.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Composite Materials
  topic: keywords
subject: Natural Fibres
  topic: keywords
subject: Sandwich Structure
  topic: keywords
subject: Finite Element Method
  topic: keywords
creator: João Alberto Günther Neto
creator: Wellinton Cabral Scheffer
creator: Felipe Ruivo Fuga
creator: Ricardo De Medeiros
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Modern Mechanical Engineering and Technology
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 34
ending page: 44
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2025.12.05

A Statistical Methodology of Cyclic Plasticity Inhomogeneity at Grain Scale
type: item
description: The inhomogeneous plastic deformation has important effects on the manufacturing process and the fatigue property of mechanical products. To directly and correctly evaluate the deformation inhomogeneity of grain scale under cyclic loading, a statistical method is proposed and named as the normalized standard deviation. The method is comprised of the following steps: (1) Construct a representative volume element (RVE) of polycrystalline by Voronoi tessellation and electron backscatter diffraction, and calculate the grain strain by a constitutive model of crystal cyclical plasticity. (2) Deal with grain strain data of RVE by Min-max normalization method. (3) Compute the standard deviation of the normalized data as the identification of mesoscopic inhomogeneity. In order to validate the proposed normalized standard deviation, the contrastive analyses with the strain contours, the weighted standard deviation and the coefficient of variation are conducted at the same conditions of cyclic loading. The results demonstrated that the normalized standard deviation was the best as the indication of cyclic plasticity inhomogeneity among the above methods.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Strain cycle
  topic: keywords
subject: Strain inhomogeneity
  topic: keywords
subject: Crystal plasticity
  topic: keywords
subject: RVE model
  topic: keywords
creator: Zhanguang Zheng
creator: Kaiming Wan
creator: Tao Xu
creator: Liping Jiang
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Modern Mechanical Engineering and Technology
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 25
ending page: 33
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2025.12.04

Single-Layer 79 GHz Microstrip Patch Array for All-Weather Automotive Radar
type: item
description: Advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) demand radar sensors that combine centimetre-level resolution, wide angular coverage, and all-weather reliability, yet must fit behind a plastic bumper at automotive cost. This study meets that challenge with a fully self-contained 79 GHz front-end fabricated on a single-layer RO3003 printed-circuit board. Closed-form cavity models, applied from first principles, yield patch dimensions without iterative tuning. Sixteen patches arranged in a 4 × 4 half-wavelength array deliver 16 dBi broadside gain, 3.2 GHz (−10 dB) impedance bandwidth, and a 33° half-power beam-width, thereby covering the entire 76–81 GHz allocation. Solving the radar-range equation shows that even under 8 dB km⁻¹ heavy-rain attenuation the sedan detection limit contracts by only 2 m (51 m → 49 m), while motorcycle and pedestrian ranges are virtually unaffected. To our knowledge, this is the first single-layer PCB radar front-end to achieve such performance without empirical tuning, and it offers a clear upgrade path toward imaging radar and highway ACC.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: 79 GHz automotive radar
  topic: keywords
subject: Single-layer microstrip array
  topic: keywords
subject: Rain attenuation
  topic: keywords
subject: ADAS sensing
  topic: keywords
creator: Shih-Lin Lin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Modern Mechanical Engineering and Technology
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 18
ending page: 24
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2025.12.03

Application of Wave Technologies for the Preparation of Fuels Containing Organic Waste Pyrolysis Products
type: item
description: Products of fast pyrolysis of organic materials (bio-oil) have such advantages as ease of storage and transportation, production from renewable raw materials, but have not yet found wide application as motor and boiler fuels. The article describes the results of research aimed at obtaining such fuel containing petroleum fuel oil and bio-oil as the main components. Direct mixing of these components is a difficult task due to their chemical incompatibility. Its solution required the development of technology and devices, which was the purpose of the presented research results. The research methodology was based on mathematical modeling of the processes of mixing fuel components, analysis of its results, their transfer to natural samples and their experimental study. As a result, a technology and design of mixers were developed that made it possible to obtain a stable mixed fuel containing fuel oil and bio-oil in the following proportions of the mass ratio up to 50:50. The obtained results confirmed the correctness of the chosen approach, which made it possible to develop new technology and equipment to achieve the stated research goal.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Motor fuels
  topic: keywords
subject: Blended fuels
  topic: keywords
subject: Biofuels
  topic: keywords
subject: Wave technologies
  topic: keywords
creator: Igor Grishnyaev
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Modern Mechanical Engineering and Technology
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 8
ending page: 17
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2025.12.02

Wear Resistance of Amorphous-Crystalline Coatings Under Boundary Friction
type: item
description: The results of tests under boundary friction conditions are present detonation coatings Zr-Al-B in a wide range of changes in friction conditions. The obtained results were compared with the parallel tested coatings based on tungsten carbide type WK-15, also with samples of 30HGSNA steel and BrOCS6-6-3 bronze. The qualitative and quantitative composition of surface layers participating in boundary friction conditions was assessed using modern physical methods of analysis. Profilograms and microphotographs of friction surfaces of amorphous-crystalline coatings are presented, showing that under boundary friction conditions, coating samples are smoothed, which leads to a decrease in roughness. Installed the presence of the formation of solid solutions of oxygen interstitialization in zirconium, which corresponds to the formation of secondary structures of the first type on friction surfaces, the characteristic feature of which is their surface localization, ultra-dispersed structure, the ability to minimize destruction and screen unacceptable adhesive phenomena. Using Auger electron microscopy, it was confirmed that oxygen completely replaces sulfur in surface structures. It is shown that the studied detonation coatings Zr-Al-B, developed for practice, have high tribotechnical characteristics in the entire range of tests under boundary friction conditions. At the same time, as a result of studies of the mechanism of tribochemical transformations of hydrocarbons and the properties of transformed surface films, it was established that they retain lubricating properties and provide high antifriction characteristics of the friction system in the entire wide range of changes in boundary friction conditions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Boundary friction
  topic: keywords
subject: Detonation coating
  topic: keywords
subject: Wear
  topic: keywords
subject: Adsorption layer
  topic: keywords
subject: Boundary lubrication
  topic: keywords
subject: Surface activation
  topic: keywords
creator: V.V. Shchepetov
creator: N.M. Fialko
creator: S.S. Bys
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Modern Mechanical Engineering and Technology
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 1
ending page: 7
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2025.12.01

Self-Organization of Surface Structures during Friction Coatings Based on Forsterite
type: item
description: In the work, the patterns of friction and wear of forsterite-based coatings were studied, and their structural-phase composition, conditions of formation and self-regulation of surface structures were determined from the standpoint of the structural-energy theory of friction. Detonation coatings developed on the basis of forsterite are characterized by high anti-friction properties. The conducted studies showed that the most appropriate application of the investigated coatings is to increase the reliability of operation of friction nodes during strengthening and restoration, for example, for moving pairs of control mechanisms, hinges of guide surfaces, cams, sliding supports, pairs with reciprocating movement, bearings, sliding guides, etc. in which the use of traditional lubricants is undesirable. Compounds of complex oxides of magnesium orthosilicate were used as the basis of composite coatings. The structural and phase composition of the coatings, the peculiarities of the formation of complex alloyed secondary structures, taking into account both the properties of the alloying elements and the structures formed by them, were established. The physical mechanism was determined and the main factors determining the level of thermodynamic graphitization were clarified. The studied self-lubricating compositions can be used both for strengthening and for high-quality restoration of worn triboelements by any technological methods using powder materials.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Detonation coating
  topic: keywords
subject: Wear intensity
  topic: keywords
subject: Structural-phase composition
  topic: keywords
subject: Graphitization
  topic: keywords
creator: V.V. Shchepetov
creator: N.M. Fialko
creator: S.S. Bys
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 78
ending page: 84
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2024.11.09

Development of Control Method for Abration and Evaluation of Electrocautery Device Controller
type: item
description: The symmetrical impedance bridge, will be suggested to yield consistent and reliable results for measuring tissue damage during electrosurgical ablation. The methods that were identified as potentially viable for ablation detection were force and displacement measurements between the electrode tip and tissue surface. These were found to correlate tissue damage due to a high degree of variability in charge density caused by contact area variation. Another method, temperature measurement via thermistors, will be found to have a response time and a non-contact method will be examined with the size constraints. The last method will be to measure and correlate changes in the power output of the ESU to tissue damage. This method will be practically examined to measure and correlate to tissue damage due to ESU power output modulation. The changes in the tissue's electrical properties can be measured directly far more easily than measuring the power output. Correlation with tissue damage tended to be strong with an error range below what can be detectable by the human eye. But the high degree of variability in the mechanical properties of tissue makes the use of force and displacement measurements difficult to implement as part of a control method for ablation control.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Electrocautery
  topic: keywords
subject: Polyp
  topic: keywords
subject: Biopsy Forceps
  topic: keywords
subject: Colonoscope
  topic: keywords
creator: JungHun Choi
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 68
ending page: 77
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2024.11.08

The Correlation Between Wear and Lubricating Film Thickness in the Tribocorrosion of CoCrMo Alloy
type: item
description: Tribocorrosion modelling of passive metals considering the lubrication effect from solution is still not well studied. A lubricated tribocorrosion model for CoCrMo alloy metal-on-metal hip joints has been developed, while the generalization of this model is restricted by Dowson’s empirical correlation. This study explored the correlation between wear of CoCrMo alloy in tribocorrosion and lubricating film thickness. The results showed that the chemical, mechanical and total wear volumes of CoCrMo alloy in tribocorrosion were significantly influenced by the lubrication effect from the solution. Good correlations were obtained between the lubricating film thickness and chemical, mechanical and total wear, respectively. The new chemical and mechanical wear correlations could be used to generalize the current lubricated tribocorrosion model for CoCrMo alloy.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: CoCrMo alloy
  topic: keywords
subject: Tribocorrosion
  topic: keywords
subject: Lubrication
  topic: keywords
subject: Model
  topic: keywords
subject: Film thickness
  topic: keywords
creator: Jinyu Li
creator: Shoufan Cao
creator: Zhanpeng Yang
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 62
ending page: 67
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2024.11.07

Effective Technologies for Finishing and Cleaning Processing: Innovations Based on Screw Rotors
type: item
description: The results of many years of scientific research in the development of machines, installations, and devices for finishing and cleaning processing of machine parts are presented. Typical diagrams of machines based on screw rotors of classes I-IV are included, along with the types of finishing and cleaning operations performed by screw rotors, requirements for the parts being processed, the processing environments, and the composition of solutions used in the finishing and cleaning of components. Additionally, the methodology and calculations for a continuous operation setup designed for finishing and cleaning parts with specified productivity are demonstrated.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Finishing and cleaning processing of parts
  topic: keywords
subject: Equipment
  topic: keywords
subject: Loading
  topic: keywords
subject: burrs
  topic: keywords
subject: Abrasive media
  topic: keywords
subject: Processing waste
  topic: keywords
creator: Aleksandr Sekisov
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 53
ending page: 61
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2024.11.06

Numerical Simulation of the Multi-Roller Skew Tandem Rolling of Unequal Wall Thickness Hollow Stepped Shafts
type: item
description: This paper proposes a multi-roll skew rolling forming process to address the slow forming speed of large-section shrinkage for aviation turbine shafts. Using Simufact Forming software, simulations were conducted on the GH4169 turbine shaft blank, analyzing the variations in stress, strain, and temperature fields during the forming process of a hollow shaft component with an initial wall thickness of 6mm. Additionally, we further explored the intrinsic relationship between the initial wall thickness and the depth of the concave center at the end of the workpiece. The results indicate that after multi-field coupling effects, the metal deformation of the workpiece gradually accumulates along the axial direction, reaching a peak after achieving the maximum reduction, while displaying a trend of decreasing from the outside to the inside. Additionally, there is a positive correlation between the depth of the concave center at the end of the workpiece and the initial wall thickness; as the amount of metal involved in the deformation increases, the depth of the concave center also intensifies. These findings provide an important theoretical basis for achieving flexible rolling formation of turbine shafts.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Aviation turbine shaft
  topic: keywords
subject: Multi-roller skew tandem rolling
  topic: keywords
subject: Initial wall thickness
  topic: keywords
subject: Concavity depth
  topic: keywords
creator: Yexin Huang
creator: Xuedao Shu
creator: Song Zhang
creator: Zewei Cen
creator: Haijie Xu
creator: Zixuan Li
creator: Yingxiang Xia
creator: Pater Zbigniew
creator: Bulzak Tomasz
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 45
ending page: 52
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2024.11.05

Application of Anal Manometry in the Planning for Anal Fistula Surgery
type: item
description: Anal fistula does not heal spontaneously without surgery, and anal function should be preserved after muscle dissection, which is a challenge even to the most experienced surgeon. In order to develop a planner for anal fistula surgery, anal manometry used in the measurement of pressures in the anal canal to investigate the anal function is reviewed. In this review paper, current techniques are described and compared with each other, and technical and clinical challenges are discussed. There are four types of catheters used to measure anal sphincter pressure: water-perfused, solid-state, air-coupled, and fiber optic catheter. Parameters acquired by anal manometry and their relationship with fecal incontinence after anal fistula surgery are discussed. Vectormanometry can provide the pressure profile along the anal canal in three dimensional space, pressure vectorgram, and cross-sectional radial asymmetry, which have more advantages than the conventional method. Understanding the technology and development of anal manometry is critical for the anal fistula surgical planning. A novel design is highly desired for 3D pressure profile measurement along the entire anal canal simultaneously without pulling the catheter.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Anal fistula
  topic: keywords
subject: Anal manometry
  topic: keywords
subject: Surgical planning
  topic: keywords
subject: Anal incontinence
  topic: keywords
creator: Xiaobin Wilson Gao
creator: Yufeng Zhou
creator: Charles B Tsang
creator: Aileen Seah
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 34
ending page: 44
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2024.11.04

Experimental Investigation of Oil Film Variation in Finite Line Contact Under Intermittent Motion
type: item
description: The variation of oil film distribution in the line contact area of pin and disk was experimentally observed during a periodic intermittent motion. The study was conducted on a ball-disk optical interferometric test rig, with motion speed controlled by PLC programming. PAO40 oil was primarily used in the experiment, with the glass disk undergoing periodic motion of constant speed-deceleration-stop-acceleration, while the pin roller remained fixed. The results indicate that when the motion stops, a portion of the oil is entrapped in the center of the contact area. As the acceleration phase begins, this portion of the oil is gradually squeezed out of the contact area, and the oil film with lowest thickness at the entrance of the contact area moves towards the exit of the contact area, passing through the contact center. It can also be observed that during the entire process, an increase in speed increases the film thickness, while an increase in deceleration time, i.e., a decrease in deceleration, reduces the film thickness during the stop phase.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Intermittent Motion
  topic: keywords
subject: Finite Line Contact
  topic: keywords
subject: EHL
  topic: keywords
subject: Optical Interference
  topic: keywords
creator: Haiping Li
creator: Xinqing Wang
creator: Haoyang Sun
creator: Jing Wang
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 25
ending page: 33
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2024.11.03

A Flow Structure Interaction Method for Towed Cable System
type: item
description: Abstract: The ocean towed cable system is a classic example of fluid-structure interaction (FSI). This interaction can exhibit stability or oscillation between a highly deformable moving cable and the surrounding turbulent flow. However, in dynamic simulations of towed cable systems, a constant drag coefficient for an infinite circular cylinder is often used based on experimental data. An innovative fluid-structure interaction method is introduced to obtain accurate drag distribution along cable to couple with towed system dynamics. A modified nodal position finite element method (NPFEM) coupled with Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) approach has been utilized to predict hydrodynamic forces along the cable. A data exchange algorithm has been developed specifically for fluid-structure interaction within the towed cable system where the cable profile is transferred to construct the flow domain while hydrodynamics is interpolated for NPFEM analysis. A topology partition around cable is applied. A multiblock grid is generated around cable. The simulation results of the fluid-structure interaction of the towing system are verified. This FSI scheme reveals how strongly hydrodynamics determine cable dynamics and induce vortex structure vibrations around a towed cable system. Parametrically controlled structured grid generation and their applicability for complex flow fields have also been discussed. Detailed descriptions of boundary layer separation evolution around spatially distributed cable are provided. This FSI scheme reveals a real strongly hydrodynamic determined cable dynamics and vortex structure induced vibrations around a towed cable system. The proposed method enhances predictive accuracy of the towed system dynamics response.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Towed Cable System
  topic: keywords
subject: Nodal Position Finite Element Method
  topic: keywords
subject: Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes Equations
  topic: keywords
subject: Boundary Layer Separation
  topic: keywords
subject: Flow Structure Interaction
  topic: keywords
creator: Wang Zhi-bo
creator: Huang Shuai-yu
creator: Gu Jin-Jing
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 10
ending page: 24
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2024.11.02

Remarks on Solving Methods of Nonlinear Equations
type: item
description: Abstract: In the field of mechanical engineering, many practical problems can be converted into nonlinear problems, such as the meshing problem of mechanical transmission. So the solution of nonlinear equations has important theoretical research and practical application significance. Whether the traditional Newton iteration method or the intelligent optimization algorithm after the popularization of computers, both them have been greatly enriched and developed through the continuous in-depth research of scholars at home and abroad, and a series of improved algorithms have emerged. This paper mainly reviews the research status of solving nonlinear equations from two aspects of traditional iterative method and intelligent optimization algorithm, systematically reviews the research achievements of domestic and foreign scholars, and puts forward prospects for future research directions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Nonlinear equations
  topic: keywords
subject: Iterative method
  topic: keywords
subject: Optimization method
  topic: keywords
subject: Intelligent algorithm
  topic: keywords
subject: The optimal solution
  topic: keywords
subject: Gear meshing
  topic: keywords
creator: Sha Huang
creator: Yaping Zhao
rights: Copyright (c) 2024
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 1
ending page: 9
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2024.11.1

Vibro-Acoustic Analysis of an Underwater Cylindrical Shell with Internal Structures and a Comparison with Experiment
type: item
description: Abstract: In this work, the low-frequency vibration response and full-band acoustic radiation characteristics of an underwater reinforced cylindrical shell with internal structures are studied by combining the FEM with SEA. The stiffened cylindrical shell contains internal structures such as the F-shape plates and the support valve frames. The exciting sources have two different exciting forces corresponding to two experimental conditions. In the low-frequency band, the FEM was employed, and in the medium and high-frequency bands, the SEA was used. A comparison of the numerical results and the experiment shows that they agree well. The FEM and SEA give better results at [1,1k] Hz and [1k,10k] Hz, respectively. Due to mesh quality limitations, the FEM is not favorable for medium and high-frequency calculations. The SEA focuses on the structural mean power flow but cannot obtain position-specific vibrational responses. The results show that the internal excitation source mainly causes the structural vibration and sound radiation and are closely related to the free vibration characteristics of the structure. In addition, with the increase in frequency, the circumferential sound pressure level of the underwater structure has more substantial directivity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: FEM
  topic: keywords
subject: SEA
  topic: keywords
subject: Stiffened cylindrical shell
  topic: keywords
subject: Full band
  topic: keywords
subject: Vibration
  topic: keywords
subject: Acoustic
  topic: keywords
creator: Lei Chen
creator: Peng Li
creator: Haoran Chen
rights: Copyright (c) 2023
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 161
ending page: 176
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2023.10.15

Constructions of Toroidal Screw Drums
type: item
description: Abstract: Design solutions are presented for the implementation of working chambers in the form of relative toroidal screw drums, intended for the finishing treatment of components in the conditions of rotary-screw technological systems.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Screw drums
  topic: keywords
subject: Toroidal-screw
  topic: keywords
subject: Finishing treatment of components
  topic: keywords
creator: Aleksandr Sekisov
rights: Copyright (c) 2023
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 155
ending page: 160
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2023.10.14

Mathematical Model of Anal Canal for Anal Fistula Surgery
type: item
description: Abstract: Purpose: Surgery is necessary for the treatment of an anal fistula. However, excision of some sphincter muscle would compromise sphincter integrity or function, which is the cause of a reduced success rate in the long term. In order to develop an appropriate surgical plan, a mathematical model that describes the relationship between the internal pressure of the anal canal and the structure of anal sphincters is required. Methods: The anatomical structure of the anal canal and the corresponding sphincter pressure can be measured by endoanal ultrasound (EAUS) imaging and manometry, respectively. Length-tension relationships for skeletal and smooth muscles, two major components of the external and internal anal sphincter, respectively, were reviewed first. Results: Based on the information about the internal and external sphincters, two mathematical models, the thick-wall cylinder model and the two-layer model, have been created, from which the influence of complete or partial excision of the sphincter muscle can be estimated. Conclusions: The proposed thick-wall cylinder and two-layer models could describe the relationship between the internal anal canal pressure and the structure of anal sphincters, from which the influence of complete or partial excision of the sphincter muscle may be estimated.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Anal fistula
  topic: keywords
subject: Mathematical model
  topic: keywords
subject: Skeletal muscle
  topic: keywords
subject: Smooth muscle
  topic: keywords
subject: Sphincter pressure
  topic: keywords
creator: Xiaobin Wilson Gao
creator: Yufeng Zhou
creator: Charles B Tsang
creator: Aileen Seah
rights: Copyright (c) 2023
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 145
ending page: 154
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2023.10.13

A High Precison Phase Extraction Algorithm from a Single Shot Interferogram
type: item
description: Abstract. Phase shifting interferometry is an optical metrology with a high precision, but it usually requires the expensive high precision phase shifter. Therefore, low cost methods of extracting phase from a single shot interferogram were very valuable, but available algorithms are usually effective only in a limited conditions. To solve these problems, a novel method is presented in this work. Based on this method, the interference fringe is retrieved to a wrapped phase and divided into different regions and the index of the pixel is calculated. The pixels in the same region have the same parity and the PSF’s gravity center of part wavefront so as to solve the sign ambiguity. The theoretical simulation results indicate that the PV of wavefront error is 0.00054λ and the rms is 0.000125λ,which is much better than the results from the Fast Fourier Transformation method. The experimentally measured interferogram is also used to validate the method. It has the advantages of simplicity, high precision and effective for both open and closed interferometer fringes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Interferometer
  topic: keywords
subject: Wavefront measurement
  topic: keywords
creator: Lifa Hu
creator: Wen Shen
creator: Wenchao Ma
creator: Dongting Hu
creator: Xinyu Liu
rights: Copyright (c) 2023
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 138
ending page: 144
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2023.10.12

Improving the Antifriction Behaviors of Steel by Hybrid Treatments of MoS2 and Surface Texture
type: item
description: Abstract: In the present paper, the composite coatings with MoS2 and graphite in the epoxy resin were deposited on the textured surface of steel by laser and wire-electrode cutting technology to improve the anti-friction behaviors of the steel. The influences of the content of MoS2 and graphite and the types of surface texture on the anti-friction behavior were studied systematically. The experimental results show that the textured specimens with 1 mm space line and pentagon shape pore exhibit low friction behaviors under dry friction. CoF (coefficient of friction) of the pore and line textured with high content of MoS2 and graphite is reduced by 27.7% and 42.3% under dry friction and by 30.0% and 33.3% under starved lubrication, respectively. CoF of the texture and coating duplex-treated steel is much lower than that of the untreated steel due to the solid lubrication of MoS2 and graphite under dry friction. The possible antifriction and antiwear mechanism is discussed. It is concluded that the duplex-treated steel with the texture and coating exhibits good anti-friction behaviors and the composite coatings with solid lubricant are beneficial to improve the tribological properties of steel under starved and dry friction testing conditions. It is shown that hybrid surface treatment with the texture and solid lubricant coating is an effective way to improve the tribological properties of steel. Solid lubricant coatings deposited on the textured surface can be applied to improve the antifriction behaviors of steel under starved lubrication and dry friction.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Surface texture
  topic: keywords
subject: MoS2
  topic: keywords
subject: Graphite
  topic: keywords
subject: Antifriction behavior
  topic: keywords
creator: Qunfeng Zeng
creator: Lili Zhu
rights: Copyright (c) 2023
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 128
ending page: 137
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2023.10.11

Effect of Turning Angles on the Inflow Characteristics in a Waterjet Propulsion Pump
type: item
description: Abstract: To study the influence of turning maneuvering navigation angle on the inflow characteristics of water jet propulsion pumps, numerical simulations were conducted on mixed flow water jet propulsion pumps under straight and left and right 15 °/30 ° turning navigation states. By comparing the hydraulic performance differences of water jet propulsion pumps under five navigation states, the intrinsic relationship between turning angle and pump inflow morphology was elucidated, and the evolution mechanism of pump inflow morphology under straight navigation and turning conditions was emphasized, and conduct quantitative analysis on the inflow quality. The research results of this article provide a theoretical basis for selecting appropriate operating angles for ships under turning maneuvers.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Waterjet propulsion pump
  topic: keywords
subject: Turning angles
  topic: keywords
subject: Inflow characteristics
  topic: keywords
subject: CFD
  topic: keywords
creator: Wei Li
creator: Shuo Li
creator: Leilei Ji
rights: Copyright (c) 2023
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 124
ending page: 127
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2023.10.10

Vehicle Longitudinal Control with the Sliding Mode Method Considering Uncertainty of the Model
type: item
description: Abstract: In this paper, the control algorithm for longitudinal control of a passenger car that is moving on the highway and urban traffic is provided. Longitudinal dynamic equation including resisting forces acting on the vehicle presented and structural and non-structural uncertainties in the model are investigated. To control the speed of vehicles on the highway and vehicle distance control in city traffic, vehicle longitudinal control laws have been proposed. To control the speed of vehicles on the highway and in city traffic, vehicle longitudinal control laws have been proposed. In order to control the nonlinear systems, the sliding mode method which is a robust control method has been used for the design controller. The controller consists of two algorithms as speed control and distance control that their duty is done with the force generation to move the vehicle and overcome the disturbances and uncertainties using tracing of it by car. Finally, to ensure the ability of control and efficiency under different conditions, the control rules are applied to the vehicle dynamics equation.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Intelligent transportation systems
  topic: keywords
subject: Vehicle longitudinal control
  topic: keywords
subject: Cruise control
  topic: keywords
subject: Sliding mode
  topic: keywords
subject: Uncertainty
  topic: keywords
creator: Amir Tazkari
creator: Habib Ahmadi
creator: Kamran Foroutan
creator: Sina Karimi
rights: Copyright (c) 2023
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 113
ending page: 123
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2023.10.09

Profit-oriented High-speed Railway Network Line Planning with Capacity Limitations
type: item
description: Abstract: Line planning is the transportation service's fundamental, which directly affects the subsequent operation plans. It is better to focus on the operational profit when considering the market competition for transportation operation plans. This paper aims to maximize the operational profit when optimizing the high-speed railway network line plan by constructing a mixed integer nonlinear programming model. The model integrates line planning and passenger route choice behaviors. An adaptive simulated annealing algorithm with neighborhood search is applied based on a given line pool. A heuristic passenger assignment method is developed to ensure a high level of passenger satisfaction. The proposed model and algorithm are experimentally evaluated. The instance results show that the operational profit and capacity utilization can be significantly improved. Compared with the designed greedy heuristic algorithm, the proposed algorithm performs better in operational profit improvement and has high efficiency.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: High-speed railway
  topic: keywords
subject: Line planning
  topic: keywords
subject: Passenger assignment
  topic: keywords
subject: Simulated annealing
  topic: keywords
subject: Neighborhood search
  topic: keywords
creator: Di Liu
creator: Yongxiang Zhang
creator: Qiyuan Peng
creator: Wei Wei
creator: Haitao Li
rights: Copyright (c) 2023
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 98
ending page: 112
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2023.10.8

Small Sample Data-Driven Method for Interval Prediction on Structural Responses
type: item
description: Abstract: This paper proposes an approach of intervals prediction on the structural responses under the limited samples by using Grey-BP neural networks (GBP) and genetic algorithm (GA). For the response prediction of complex structures, the presented method can ensure the necessary accuracy and can greatly reduce the cost of computation. Meanwhile, the method is different from the other traditional neural networks, which represents the superiority of dealing with the interval prediction under limited samples with help of the grey theory. In this paper, the Grey-BP neural networks are established by introducing the grey theory, which is used to achieve the mapping relationship between input and output of the system and accomplish the approximation of real mapping. The accuracy of built the mapping model can be tested by error analysis. Subsequently, the issue of interval prediction can be translated to optimal problem for extremum value. Although the explicit expression of the established mapping relationship is unknown, the fitness of every value includes the information of extremum. So, the best fitness and worst fitness can be searched in the given bound of uncertain variables based on genetic algorithm, and then achieve the upper bound and lower bound of the system response depending on the capability of global search. After proposed technologies are given in detail, one numerical example and one engineering example are presented and the results are discussed with common methods based on traditional BP neural network and Monte Carlo, which demonstrates the validity and reasonability of the developed methodology.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Interval prediction
  topic: keywords
subject: Grey-BP neural networks
  topic: keywords
subject: Limited samples
  topic: keywords
subject: Genetic algorithm
  topic: keywords
subject: BP neural network
  topic: keywords
creator: Xiaojun Wang
creator: Yujia Ma
rights: Copyright (c) 2023
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 83
ending page: 97
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2023.10.07

Prediction on MRAM Etching Endpoint by Response Surface Method
type: item
description: Abstract: STT-MRAM (Spin-Transfer-Torque Magnetic Random Access Memory) with high-density is considered as one of the most promising storage candidates with potential applications. In the process of MRAM manufacturing, etching step should be stopped precisely at the specific material layer. The dielectric layer should be protected with certain coverage. Then the subsequent etching steps continue. It is crucial to detect the endpoint of the etching during the fabrication process. In the paper, the factors influencing the etching rate are analysed, including gas pressure, gas temperature, ion sheath thickness, self-biased DC voltage and RF power frequency, respectively. An approach based on Response Surface Method (RSM) is adopted to predict the endpoint of the etching process. The optimized interplay relationship is set up among the gas pressure, the gas temperature, the ion sheath thickness, the self-biased DC voltage and the RF power frequency, et al.. It shows that RSM approach is an effective statistical method for the optimization on the etching stop technology, especially when the complex etching condition options are involved. The simulation results demonstrate the MRAM sidewall smoothness can be improved under the optimized etching environment configuration.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: MRAM
  topic: keywords
subject: MTJ
  topic: keywords
subject: RSM
  topic: keywords
subject: Etching endpoint
  topic: keywords
creator: Yan-Yan Ding
creator: Yanfeng Jiang
rights: Copyright (c) 2023
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 71
ending page: 82
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2023.10.06

Mesoscopic Cohesive Crack Model of Microcapsule Self-Healing Concrete and Its Uniaxial and Triaxial Compression Simulation
type: item
description: Abstract: In practical engineering structures, concrete is usually under a multiaxial stress state. Therefore, it is significant to investigate the mechanical behavior of microcapsule self-healing concrete under triaxial compression. In this study, a three-dimensional mesoscopic cohesive crack model of concrete based on the cohesive element is established to simulate uniaxial compression tests and conventional triaxial tests of concrete with different microcapsule content. The result shows that when the uniaxial compressive loading reaches , a small number of microcracks start to appear, leading to the nonlinear behavior of the stress-strain curve. When the uniaxial compression is loaded near the peak point (), the internal cracks of the sample begin to increase sharply. Different from the crack of the sample in uniaxial compression concentrated in the interfacial transition zone, the crack of the sample in triaxial compression is scattered in the interior of the mortar and the interfacial transition zone, and the greater the confining pressure, the more crack in the mortar.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Concrete
  topic: keywords
subject: Triaxial compression
  topic: keywords
subject: Cohesive crack model
  topic: keywords
subject: Cohesive element
  topic: keywords
subject: Random aggregate model
  topic: keywords
subject: Mesoscopic fracture
  topic: keywords
creator: Yuhong Liu
creator: Jierong Liang
creator: Xianfeng Wang
creator: Dawei Qin
creator: Weilun Wang
rights: Copyright (c) 2023
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 55
ending page: 70
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2023.10.05

Modeling and Optimizing Automotive Waste Recovery for Optimal Performance
type: item
description: Abstract: It is vital to explore an effective way to capture waste heat from modern automobiles. This research outlines the current methods to harness that excess heat from the exhaust system and a proposal to use a high-efficiency printed-circuit heat exchanger (PCHE) to harness the heat. The research also revealed a unique iteration process that encompasses testing of the exchanger in a closed-loop steam system which would serve as the basis for future experiments. In lieu of experiments, data was collected from peer-reviewed research of other scientists to approximate the effectiveness and efficiency of the system. The following facts were theoretically revealed by the derived model. The theorized heat exchanger was found to have a maximum transfer rate of 510 kW while the maximum heat supplied by the exhaust is around 100 kW. The exchanger is sufficiently designed to capture energy wasted by the engine through the tail pipe. With a mass of 5.169 kg for the exchanger alone and the estimated amount of fluid, turbine, generator, and piping to be no more than 50 kg, the vehicle will experience very little mass increase.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Heat exchanger
  topic: keywords
subject: Efficiency
  topic: keywords
subject: Waster recovery
  topic: keywords
subject: Mass
  topic: keywords
subject: Fluid
  topic: keywords
creator: J. Oommen
creator: P.B. Sob
creator: N. Dersom
creator: C. Williams
rights: Copyright (c) 2023
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 41
ending page: 54
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2023.10.04

CAES Compressed Air Energy System: Dynamic Simulation & Optimization
type: item
description: Abstract: A CAES (Compressed Air Energy System) plant can be considered as a storage system. The purpose is to store air under pressure and then use it, when required, to generate energy. The system is composed of a series of compressors and heat exchangers and the architecture of the plant aims to reduce compression work and improve storage efficiency. The storage tank can be different depending on the case and the final use, so a cave, a combustion chamber or an expander. Currently the plants that have been built are in Germany (plant built in 1978 with a rated power of 290 MW) and in the USA (built in 1991 with a rated power of 110 MW). In both configurations, the plants use saline caves as reservoirs. Lately, different types of plant are being studied, but they are still in the design phase. The objective of the present work is, through a steady-state and then a dynamic simulation, to analyze the positive aspects of this technology and its criticalities, trying to optimize its layout. In addition, through a comparison with the few data available on existing plants, create a database of great interest for researchers and experts in the field. Finally, evaluate, based on the data obtained, the possible developments of technology in the context of the "low carbon transition" through the possible use of renewable sources, such as solar photovoltaic, wind and so on.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: CAES plant
  topic: keywords
subject: Data analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Dynamic simulation
  topic: keywords
subject: Plant optimization
  topic: keywords
creator: Roberto Capata
rights: Copyright (c) 2023
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 26
ending page: 40
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2023.10.03

Study of a Cutting Fluid Application System Adaptation on a Bench Milling Machine for an Academic Laboratory Environment
type: item
description: Abstract: Cutting fluid is a resource that can benefit machining, improving the service life, surface, and dimensional qualities of cutting tools. For the operation of a basic cutting fluid application system, it is necessary to consider the components that store, filter, and induce the flow of the cutting fluid. Some essential components are the reservoir, the filter, and the pump. Aiming to provide better machining conditions, this study presented the proposal for designing and manufacturing a cutting fluid application system for an academic laboratory's bench drill/milling machine. The experimental research characterized the study methodology, in which the system was built with the least possible resources. The main result showed that the system achieved the proposed objective. For pump selection, a system of equations was developed in Microsoft Excel software, which indicated a pressure variation in the flow system of approximately 15 kPa. After the three-dimensional modeling, a script for the manufacture and assembly of the system components was prepared, involving the processes of forming, machining and welding. Adaptations were made to the machine tool, such as the insertion of a limit switch that reduced the longitudinal displacement of the work table by 150 mm. An electronic command system was inserted to control the cutting fluid flow. In the testing phase, positive aspects were observed (reservoir position, absence of leaks, cutting fluid flow, among others) and negative aspects (cutting fluid return paths). Some further improvements proved possible, especially on a machine not designed to have a cutting fluid system.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cutting fluid
  topic: keywords
subject: Manufacturing processes
  topic: keywords
subject: Chip
  topic: keywords
subject: Machine tool
  topic: keywords
subject: Three-dimensional modeling
  topic: keywords
subject: Reservoir
  topic: keywords
subject: Numerical method
  topic: keywords
creator: Elhadji Cheikh Talibouya Ba
creator: Paulo Sérgio Martins
creator: Gustavo Henrique Nazareno Fernandes
rights: Copyright (c) 2023
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 11
ending page: 25
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2023.10.02

Evaluation of the Failure Probability of a 2D RC Frame Subjected to Column Loss
type: item
description: Abstract: This study regards the evaluation of the failure probability of a symmetrical 2D reinforced concrete frame composed of 4 spans and 5 floors, in case of an accidental event which causes the central base column loss. The frame is an internal one of a typical building designed in a highly seismic area, characterised by a high ductility class. The frame is modelled in the non-linear finite elements software Atena 2D, accounting for both geometrical and material non-linearities. The uncertainties relevant to the problem are included by sampling both material and action variables, adopting the Latin Hypercube Sampling technique. To compute the failure probability associated to the accidental scenario, two sets of analyses are considered: the first set to compute the capacity of the structure against the column removal by means of displacement-controlled pushdown analysis; the second set to evaluate the demand in terms of external loads, properly combined within the accidental combination according to the codes. The external load is then amplified in order to include the dynamic effects characterising a scenario of a structural member loss. Finally, the probability of the demand exceeding the capacity is evaluated.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Low-probability high-consequence events
  topic: keywords
subject: NLFE pushdown analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Probabilistic analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Reinforced concrete frame
  topic: keywords
subject: Column loss
  topic: keywords
subject: Static approach
  topic: keywords
creator: P. Castaldo
creator: E. Miceli
rights: Copyright (c) 2023
date: 2025-10-02
publication date: 2025-10-02
starting page: 1
ending page: 10
doi: 10.31875/2409-9848.2023.10.01