Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Journal of Material Science and Technology Research

Articles

Vol. 1 No. 1 (2014)

Mechanical and Chemical Properties at High Temperature of {M-25Cr}-based Alloys Containing Hafnium Carbides (M=Co, Ni or Fe): Creep Behavior and Oxidation at 1200°C

DOI
https://doi.org/10.15377/2410-4701.2014.01.01.2
Submitted
March 26, 2014
Published
2014-03-26

Abstract

This study concerns three alloys based on cobalt, nickel or iron, all containing chromium (25 wt.%), carbon and hafnium. The contents in the two last elements were chosen high enough to promote the formation of HfC carbides. All alloys were elaborated by casting and their microstructures preliminarily characterized. They were selected to be tested in three-points flexural creep at 1200°C under 20 MPa in inert atmosphere. All alloys contain hafnium carbides, together with chromium carbides in some cases. The HfC carbides are generally of two types: script-like eutectic and blocky pre-eutectic. The creep deformation is fast for the nickel-based and iron-based alloys, especially for the later one. In contrast the HfC-containing cobalt-based alloy behaves much better. It displays a creep resistance at 1200°C significantly higher than another cobalt-based alloy strengthened by chromium carbides added to the study for comparison. All alloys were also briefly tested in oxidation by air at 1200°C. The creep behaviors of the cobalt-based and iron-based alloys are not good and significantly worse than the nickel-based alloy’s one. The oxidation resistance of the HfC-strengthened cobalt-based alloy must be improved to take benefit of its superior creep strength.

References

  1. Sims CT, Hagel WC. The Superalloys, John Wiley & Sons: New York 1972.
  2. Donachie MJ, Donachie SJ. Superalloys: A Technical Guide, 2nd ed. ASM International: Materials Park 2002.
  3. Young D. High Temperature Oxidation and Corrosion of Metals. Elsevier Corrosion Series: Amsterdam 2008.
  4. Berthod P, Michon S, Aranda L, Mathieu S, Gachon JC. Experimental and Thermodynamic Study of the Microstructure Evolution in Cobalt-base Superalloys at High Temperature. Calphad 2003; 27: 289-294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2003.12.003
  5. Berthod P, Hamini Y, Aranda L, Héricher L. Experimental and Thermodynamic Study of Tantalum-containing Ironbased Alloys Reinforced by Carbides: Part I-Case of (Fe, Cr)- based Ferritic Steels. Calphad 2007; 31: 351-360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2007.01.007
  6. Berthod P, Aranda L, Vébert C, Michon S. Experimental and Thermodynamic Study of the Microstructural State at High Temperature of Nickel-base Alloys containing Tantalum. Calphad 2004; 28: 159-166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.calphad.2004.07.005
  7. Berthod P. High Temperature Properties of several Chromium-containing Co-based Alloys Reinforced by Different Types of MC Carbides (M=Ta, Nb, Hf and/or Zr). Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2009; 481: 746-754. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.03.091
  8. Berthod P, Conrath E. Elaboration and Metallographic Study of {M-25Cr}-based Alloys Containing Hafnium Carbides (M=Co, Ni or Fe): Microstructures in the As-cast State and after Exposure at 1200°C. Advances in Alloys and Compounds 2014; 1(1): 3-14.
  9. Witzke WR. Composition Effects on Mechanical Properties of Hafnium Carbide-strengthened Molybdenum alloys. Metallurgical Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science 1976; 7A(3): 443-451. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02642842
  10. Nold E, Ondracek G. Investigations about the Structure of Interference Coatings on Gas-contrasted Hafnium CarbideCobalt Hard Metal. Praktische Metallographie 1986; 23(6): 268-276.
  11. Kim YG. A Directionally Solidified Nickel-base Eutectic Alloy Reinforced by a Mixed Hafnium-Zirconium Monocarbide. Journal of Materials Science 1978; 13(4): 759-765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00570510
  12. Ribaudo C, Mazumder J. Oxidation Behavior of a Laser-clad Nickel-base Alloy Containing Hafnium. Materials Science & Engineering A: Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructure and Processing. 1989; A120-121: 531-538.
  13. Bouhanek K, Oquab D, Pieraggi B. High-Temperature Oxidation of Single-Crystal Nickel-based Superalloys. Materials Science Forum 1997; 251-254: 33-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.251-254.33
  14. Berthod P, Conrath E. As-cast Microstructures and Behavior at High Temperature of Chromium-rich Cobalt-based Alloys Containing Hafnium Carbides. Materials Chemistry and Physics 2014; 143: 1139-1148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2013.11.014
  15. Conrath E, Berthod P. Microstructure Evolution in Bulk and Surface States of Chromium rich Nickel based Cast Alloys Reinforced by Hafnium Carbides after Exposure to High Temperature Air. Materials at High Temperatures 2014; 31(3): 266-273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1878641314Y.0000000023
  16. Conrath E, Berthod P. Microstructure Evolution at High Temperature of Chromium-rich Iron-based alloys Containing Hafnium Carbides. International Journal of Materials Research (Zeitschrift für Metallkunde) 2014; 105(8): 717-724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/146.111085