Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
Journal of Material Science and Technology Research

Articles

Vol. 2 No. 2 (2015)

Synthesis and Characterization of PVdF/PVP-Based Electrospun Membranes as Separators for Supercapacitor Applications

DOI
https://doi.org/10.15377/2410-4701.2015.02.02.3
Submitted
September 26, 2015
Published
2021-11-24

Abstract

Electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanofiber embedded with carbon black nanoparticles (<50nm) were fabricated and characterized for supercapacitor separators. Carbon black nanoparticles with different weight percentages (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4wt%) were added to a mixture of N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/acetone and sonicated for a well dispersion. Then, PVdF and PVP were added, and the solution was heated on a hot plate to make a polymeric solution prior to the electrospinning process. The morphology of the electrospun nanofibers was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was carried out on the PVdF/PVP films to identify changes in the crystalline phase during the process. The annealed nanofibers samples were also examined by X-ray diffraction unit. These investigations demonstrated that the many physical properties were significantly improved, which may be useful for supercapacitor separators. Supercapacitors will become one of the most suitable energy storage devices in the near future, and the separator is one of the major components of the supercapacitors.Keywords: Electrospun Nanofibers, PVdF, carbon black nanopowders, characterization, supercapacitor separators.

References

  1. Xu B, Yue S, Sui Z, Zhang X, Hou S, Cao G, et al. What is the choice for supercapacitors: Graphene or graphene oxide. Energy Environ Sci 2011; 4: 2826-2830. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1ee01198g
  2. Aravindan V, Cheah YL, Mak W F, Wee G, Chowdari B V R and Madhavi S. Fabrication of high energy-density hybrid supercapacitors using electrospun V2O5 nanofibers with a self-supported carbon nanotube network. Chem Plus Chem 2012; 77: 570-575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cplu.201200023
  3. Wee G, Soh HZ, Cheah YL, Mhaisalkar SG and Srinivasan M. Synthesis and electrochemical properties of electrospun V2O5 nanofibers as supercapacitor electrodes. J Mater Chem 2010; 20: 6720-6725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0jm00059k
  4. Kim BH, Yang KS, Woo HG and Oshida K. Supercapacitor performance of porous carbon nanofiber composites prepared by electrospinning polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) blend solutions. Synth Met 50 Journal of Material Science and Technology Research, 2015, Vol. 2, No. 2 Jabbarnia and Asmatulu 2011; 161: 1211-1216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2011.04.005
  5. Li J, Liu EH, Li W, Meng XY and Tan ST. Nickel/carbon nanofibers composite electrodes as supercapacitors prepared by electrospinning. J Alloys Compd 2009; 478: 371-374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.11.024
  6. Zhou Z, Lai C, Zhang L, Qian Y, Hou H, Reneker D H, et al. Development of carbon nanofibers from aligned electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofiber bundles and characterization of their microstructural, electrical, and mechanical properties. Polym J 2009; 50: 2999-3006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2009.04.058
  7. Kim C, Kim JS, Kim SJ, Lee WJ and Yang KS. Supercapacitors prepared from carbon nanofibers electrospun from polybenzimidazol. J Electrochem Soc 2004; 151(5): A769-A773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.1695380
  8. Shiang T, Gene S, Wei W and Ashutosh T. Carbonized wood for supercapacitor electrodes. Electrochem Solid-State Lett 2014; 2(5): M25-M28.
  9. Zhang L and Zhao XS. Carbon-based materials as supercapacitor electrodes. Chem Soc Rev 2009; 38: 2520-2531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b813846j
  10. Xu B, Peng L, Wang G, Cao G and Wu F. Easy synthesis of mesoporous carbon using nano-CaCO3 as template. Carbon 2010; 48: 2377-2380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2010.03.003
  11. Heon M, Liofland S, Applegate J, Notle R, Cortes E, Hettinger JD, et al. Continuous carbide-derived carbon films with high volumetric capacitance. Energy Environ Sci 2011; 4: 135-138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C0EE00404A
  12. Zhu Y, Murali S, Stoller MD, Ganesh KJ, Cai W, Ferreira PJ, et al. Carbon-based supercapacitors produced by activation of graphene. Science 2011; 332: 1537-1541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1200770
  13. Khan WS, Asmatulu R and El-Tabey MM. Dielectric properties of electrospun PVP and PAN nanocomposite fibers. J Nanotech Eng Med 2010; 1: 1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.4002533
  14. Khan WS, Asmatulu R, Lin YH, Chen YY and Ho J. Electrospun polyvinylpyrrolidone-based nanocomposite fibers containing (Ni0.6Zn0.4)Fe2O4. J Nanotech 2012; 2012: 1-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/138438
  15. Khan W S, Asmatulu R, Ceylan M and Jabbarnia A. Recent progress on conventional and non-conventional electrospinning process. Fibers Polym 2013; 14(8): 1235-1247. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12221-013-1235-8
  16. Kim C, Yang KS and Lee WJ. The use of carbon nanofiber electrodes prepared by electrospinning for electrochemical supercapacitors. Electrochem Solid-State Lett 2004; 7(11): A397-A399. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/1.1801631
  17. Yoon SJ, Arakawa K and Uchino M. Developmnet of an energy harvesting damper using PVDF film. Int J Energy Res 2015; 39: 1545-1553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.3357
  18. Zheng J, He A, Li J and Han CC. Polymorphism control of poly (vinylidene fluoride) through electrospinning. Macromol Rapid Commun 2007; 28: 2159-2162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.200700544
  19. Dillon DR, Tenneti KK, Li CY, Ko FK, Sics I and Hsiao BS. On the structure and morphology of polyvinylidene fluoridenanoclay nanocomposites. Polym J 2006; 47: 1678-1688. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2006.01.015
  20. Huang ZB, Gao DS, Li ZH, Lei GT and Zhou J. P(VDF-HFP)- based polymer electrolytes prepared by high-voltage electrospinning technology. Acta Chim Sinica 2007; 65: 1007-1011.
  21. Pandolfo AG, and Hollenkamp AF. Carbon properties and their role in supercapacitors. J Power Sources 2006; 157: 11-27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2006.02.065
  22. Beck F, Dolata M, Grivei E and Probst N. Electrochemical supercapacitors based on industrial carbon blacks in aqueous H2SO4. J Appl Electrochem 2001; 31(8): 845-853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017529920916
  23. Hilczer B and Kulek J. The effect of dielectric heterogeneity on pyroelectric response of PVDF. IEEE Trans Dielect Elec Insulation 1998; 5(1): 45-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/94.660762
  24. Betz N, Le Moel A, Balanzat E, Ramillon JM, Lamotte J, Gallas JP, et al. A FTIR study of PVDF irradiated by means of swift heavy ions. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 1994; 32: 1493-1502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1994.090320821
  25. Mattsson B, Ericson H, Torell LM and Sundholm F. MicroRaman investigations of PVDF-based proton-conducting membranes. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 1999; 37: 3317-3327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099- 0518(19990815)37:163.0.CO;2-#
  26. Bharti V, Kaura T and Nath R. Ferroelectric hysteresis in simultaneously stretched and corona-poled PVDF films. IEEE Trans Dielect Elec Insulation 1997; 4(6): 738-741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/94.654689
  27. Sivaiah K, Rudramadevi BH and Buddhudu S. Structural, thermal and optical properties of Cu2+ and Co2+: PVP polymer films. Indian J Pure Appl Phys 2010; 48: 658-662.
  28. Tu W. Study on the interaction between polyvinylpyrrolidone and platinum metals during the formation of the colloidal metal nanoparticles. Chin J Polym Sci 2008; 26(1): 23-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0256767908002625
  29. Lehmann J, Liang BQ, Solomon D, Lerotic M, Luizao F, Kinyangi J, et al. Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy for mapping nano-scale distribution of organic carbon forms in soil: Application to black carbon particles. Global Biogeochem Cycles 2005; 19: 1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2004GB002435
  30. Raymundo-Pinero E, Cadek M and Beguin F. Tuning carbon materials for supercapacitors by direct pyrolysis of seaweeds. Adv Funct Mater 2009; 19: 1032-1039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.200801057
  31. Hsieh CT and Teng H. Influence of oxygen treatment on electric double-layer capacitance of activated carbon fabrics. Carbon 2002; 40: 667-674. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6223(01)00182-8
  32. Xu B, Wu F, Wang F, Chen S, Cao G and Yang Y. Singlewalled carbon nanotubes as electrode materials for supercapacitors. Chin J Chem 2006; 24: 1505-1508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjoc.200690284
  33. Bao Q, Bao S, Li C, Qi X, Pan C, Zang J, et al. Supercapacitance of solid carbon nanofibers made from ethanol flames. J Phys Chem C 2008; 112: 3612-3618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp710420k
  34. Hatori H, Zhu ZH and Lu GQ. Nitrogen-enriched nonporous carbon electrodes with extraordinary supercapacitance. Adv Funct Mater 2009; 19: 1800-1809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.200801100
  35. Nallasamy P and Mohan S. Vibrational spectroscopic characterization of form II poly (vinylidene fluride). Indian J Pure Appl Phys 2005; 43: 821-827.
  36. Rodrıguez-Cabello JC, Merino JC and Pastor JM. Rheooptical FT-Raman study of uniaxialiy stretched poly(viny1idene fluoride). J Macromol Chem Phys 1995; 196: 815-824. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1995.021960311
  37. Kobayashi M, Tashiro K and Tadokoro H. Molecular vibrations of three crystal forms of poly (viny1idene fluoride). Macromol 1975; 8(2): 158-170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma60044a013
  38. A Kuptsov H and Zhizhin GN. Handbook of Fourier Transform Raman and Infrared Spectra of Polymer. Elsevier: Amsterdam 1998.
  39. Boccaccio T, Bottino A, Capannelli G and Piaggio P. Characterization of PVDF membranes by vibrational spectroscopy. J Membrane Sci 2002; 210(2): 315-329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0376-7388(02)00407-6
  40. Borodko Y, Habas SE, Koebel M, Yang P, Frei H and Somorjai GA. Probing the interaction of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) with platinum nanocrystals by UV-Raman and FTIR. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110: 23052-23059. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp063338+
  41. Nasir M, Matsumoto H, Minagawa M, Tanioka A, Danno T and Horibe H. Preparation of porous PVDF nanofiber from PVDF/PVP blend by electrospray deposition. Polym J 2007; 39(10): 1060-1064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/polymj.PJ2007037
  42. Chanmal CV and Jog JP. Electrospun PVDF/BaTiO3 nanocomposites: Polymorphism and thermal emissivity studies. Int J Plast Technol 2011; 15: S1-S9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12588-011-9001-5
  43. Choi SW, Kim JR, Ahm YR, Jo SM and Cairns EJ. Characterization of electrospun PVdF fiber-based polymer electrolytes. Chem Mater 2007; 19: 104-115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm060223+
  44. Yang Y, Centrone A, Chen L, Simeon F, Hatton TA and Rutledge GC. Highly porous electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based carbon fiber. Carbon 2011; 49: 3395-3403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2011.04.015