This study analyzes the feasibility of the production of solar power as a sustainable solution to the climate and energy crisis, focusing on two areas in particular: the Gulf Cooperation Council countries and Europe. Focused attention goes to emerging economies in analyzing how solar power can aid in reducing carbon dioxide emissions and attaining sustainable development. Comparative analysis is performed for the GCC region and Europe on the basis of unique solar system design ability and the performance of photovoltaic (PV) systems, taking into account realistic environmental and working parameters. In this comparative design research, mathematical equations were applied to determine the number of required solar panels to achieve determined energy efficiency in both regions. A novel mathematical modeling approach was designed and presented as new equations to achieve a correct estimate of the quantity of PV panels required from the energy requirement and a parameter called the Power Generation Factor (PGF). The practical design approach employed in the present work synchronizes the technical aspects of electrical system design with broader sustainable development goals, particularly for developing nations. By creating new mathematical equations for estimating how many PV panels would be necessary based on desired energy yields and incorporating the PGF, the study underscores the photovoltaic efficiency and panel requirement disparity between the GCC and European regions. These disparities owe to differences in solar energy generation and electricity generation factors between regions. The suggested approach is scalable and can be applied to other areas with comparable energy requirements, making it a tough and adaptable planning instrument for sustainable energy infrastructure deployment.
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